In choosing any personal care product, it is critical to do so with an understanding of the ingredients it contains. Recent attention has been placed on the potentially harmful substances found in haircare products like shampoos,
conditioners, dyes, and relaxants. However, it is lesser known that natural hair products often contain hazardous substances at higher concentrations. Coupled with the fact that Black women have been observed to generally use more hair oils, lotions, chemical relaxers, leave-in conditioners, and placenta-containing products, these factors could put Black women at increased risk of certain hormonal and metabolic diseases, and it is important that we
choose products as informed consumers [1].
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) – Understanding a Common Culprit in Natural Hair Products.
EDCs are chemicals commonly found in various personal care products – including hair care products – that can interfere with our endocrine system, which is responsible for regulating hormones. These chemicals can mimic, block, or alter hormonal activity in our bodies, potentially leading to increased risk of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and adverse reproductive health outcomes [2].
Harmful EDCs to Avoid. Several EDCs commonly found in hair products have been linked to adverse health effects. These include parabens, phthalates, sulfates, formaldehyde, and synthetic fragrances:
Parabens are preservatives used in many hair products that can mimic the hormone, estrogen, interfering
with the body’s natural production of hormones and overall reproductive system function [3].
Phthalates, often present in fragrances, can modify the release of the body’s natural hormones from the
hypothalamic and pituitary glands and can modulate gene expression associated with reproduction [4].
Sulfates can strip the hair of its natural oils, and while “de-greasing” hair is the purpose of many
shampoos, sulfates can cause dryness and breakage for many individuals with natural hair [5].
Formaldehyde, a known carcinogen, may be present in certain hair straightening treatments [6].
Reading Labels. To protect ourselves from EDC exposure, it is crucial to carefully read product labels. Look out for ingredients such as methylparaben, propylparaben, dibutyl phthalate, sodium lauryl sulfate, formaldehyde, and “fragrance” or “parfum” (which can be a catch-all term for undisclosed chemicals).
Safer Alternatives. Thankfully, there are safer alternatives available in the market that prioritize natural and non- toxic ingredients. Look for hair products labeled as “paraben-free,” “phthalate-free,” “sulfate-free,” and “fragrance-free.” Luckily, with the HairDays app, you can filter product recommendations to highlight or exclude ingredients at your discretion. Opt for products that clearly state they are free from EDCs or contain natural, organic, and plant-based ingredients. You can also consider DIY options using simple and natural ingredients like aloe vera gel,
coconut oil, shea butter, and essential oils, which are gentle on the hair and scalp.
Advocating for Change. As consumers, our voices matter. Support companies that prioritize ingredient transparency and advocate for safer alternatives. Reach out to manufacturers, express your concerns about EDCs, and request safer formulations. Together, we can encourage change in the industry and promote healthier options for natural hair care.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only, and is not meant to be used for diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment purposes. This is not medical advice. Please see your physician or care provider with any questions or concerns.
Bibliography
[1] T. James-Todd, R. Senie, and M. B. Terry, “Racial/Ethnic Differences in Hormonally-Active Hair Product Use: A Plausible Risk Factor for Health Disparities,” Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 506–511, May 2011, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-011-9482-5.
[2] T. James-Todd et al., “Hormonal activity in commonly used Black hair care products: evaluating hormone disruption as a plausible contribution to health disparities,” Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 476–486, May 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-021-00335-3.
[3] R. Aimuzi, Y. Wang, K. Luo, and Y. Jiang, “Exposure to phthalates, phenols, and parabens mixture and alterations in sex steroid hormones among adolescents,” Chemosphere, p. 134834, May 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134834.
[4] H. Hlisníková, I. Petrovičová, B. Kolena, M. Šidlovská, and A. Sirotkin, “Effects and Mechanisms of
Phthalates’ Action on Reproductive Processes and Reproductive Health: A Literature Review,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17, no. 18, p. 6811, Sep. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186811.
[5] Z. Draelos, “Essentials of hair care often neglected: Hair cleansing,” International Journal of Trichology, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 24, 2010, doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.66909.
[6] “Formaldehyde in Hair Smoothing Products: What You Should Know,” FDA, Mar. 2021, Available:
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/formaldehyde-hair-smoothing-products-what-you-should-know.
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